However, like all medications, it still may have side effects. The most notable are GI upset, metallic taste, nausea, diarrhea, and sensitivity reactions. These usually go away after you get used to your dose. Rarely can taking too much metformin cause lactic acidosis which requires hospitalization. It shouldn’t be given to patients with certain heart conditions, liver disease, or alcoholism.
Sulfonylureas
Next up on the list are the sulfonylureas. These include drugs like glimepiride, glipizide, and glyburide.
They work by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas and improve insulin sensitivity. Similar to metformin, these drugs are relatively affordable. They can be prescribed together with metformin. Notable side effects include weight gain, rash, and low blood sugar.
Meglitinides
Nateglinide and repaglinide are two drugs in this class. These work by quickly stimulating the release of insulin. When getting to know your diabetes drugs, it is also important to know what to avoid while taking them. Don’t drink alcohol while taking meglitinides because this increases the risk of nausea and vomiting.
Thiazolidinediones
Drugs in this category are rosiglitazone and pioglitazone. These drugs work to improve sensitivity to insulin and reduce the release of glucose (sugar) from the liver. If you also have problems with your cholesterol, these medications help increase HDL or good cholesterol.
Side effects may include weight gain, heart problems, secondary osteoporosis, and an increased risk of bladder cancer.
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