Generally, the earlier and longer a person is exposed to radiation, the greater the risk. This is why frequent x-rays and radiation therapies should not be done on pregnant women. Not only does radiation affect the mother, but it can also affect the unborn baby.
In the case of environmental exposure (e.g. nuclear fallout), doctors recommend that people living within 200 miles (320 kilometers) of nuclear accidents should take potassium iodide. Potassium iodide works by preventing the absorption of radioactive iodine in the thyroid, which reduces the risk of cancer development.
Genetics and family history
Last but not least, there are genetic thyroid cancer causes. One type of thyroid cancer known as medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Based on data, about 2 out of every 5 MTC cases are caused by an abnormal gene.
This abnormal MTC gene can be inherited, or passed on in generations. If one of your parents, grandparents, or siblings has been diagnosed with MTC, there is a chance that you also carry the gene. However, it does not guarantee that you will develop cancer.
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