Sexual health means being free of sexually related illnesses, disability, disease, violence, and other conditions related to sexuality. It also means that a person is physically, emotionally, psychologically, intellectually, and spiritually healthy. Before we take a closer look at sexual health in the Philippines, we must first define the areas involved in defining what sexual health means.
There are 7 sections involved in checking if a person is a sexually healthy adult:
- Relationship
- Self-esteem
- Communication
- Values
- Education
- Body Integrity
- Spirituality
Sexual Health in the Philippines: What does it mean to be a sexually healthy adult?
Awareness about sexual health in the Philippines is steadily growing. People are being educated about their rights and what they are entitled to. It may be a slow process but what matters is that it is finally being given the attention that it deserves.
A sexually healthy adult is someone who is able to maintain a balanced sexual relationship with another person and with their own sexual identity.
- Sexually healthy adults are able to respect if their partner wants to have sex or not.
- They feel comfortable asking questions about their own sexual health.
- They are able to talk about the limitations and preferences when it comes to sex, as well as their intentions when it comes to a relationship, whether it’s for casual dating or a committed relationship.
- Sexually healthy adults are also able to form friendships that are strictly platonic with the opposite sex. They are also able to explore other avenues of intimacy without things becoming sexual.
- Sexually healthy adults are also able to set boundaries and respect other people’s boundaries. They are able to accept refusal of sex without feeling animosity or questioning as to why they were rejected.
- Most of all, they are able to appreciate your own body. They are comfortable with their own sexual identity and orientation. And they do not allow others to exploit them nor do they exploit other people.
Sexual Health in the Philippines: What is Reproductive Health Law?
In the Philippines, we have the Reproductive Health Law that protects the 13 sexual reproductive health rights of a person. This ensures that all Filipinos can inquire about reproductive health without fear of being shamed, exposed, or judged for their choices. For instance, if they do not want to have children or they want children early on in life.
Aside from reinforcing sexual health in the Philippines, this law also seeks to protect women from pregnancies that can endanger their life as well as forced pregnancy, forced sterilization, or forced abortion. The Reproductive Health Law also seeks to protect women from harmful traditional health practices, while ensuring access to the highest possible quality of healthcare. This is definitely a step up for the state of sexual health in the Philippines.
Reproductive health is about enabling people to have a satisfying and safe sex life while having the ability to reproduce—should they choose to do so—and giving them the freedom to decide on the if, when, and how often. It is also about empowering them to fight against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
Sexual Health in the Philippines: Facts About STDs
In order to better define the state of sexual health in the Philippines, we can look to some of the most prevalent types of STDs. Sexually transmitted diseases, also known as STDs, are spread most of the time through sexual intercourse. There are 8 known types of sexually transmitted diseases: some forms of hepatitis, HIV/AIDS, syphilis, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, genital herpes, genital warts, and gonorrhea.
HIV
HIV is a potentially fatal virus that attacks immune cells. It can be passed on through blood transfusion of contaminated blood or through sexual intercourse and contact with blood. Likewise, a child can get it from their mother, during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding.
AIDS
AIDS is a life-threatening condition caused by HIV. This condition is also known as a late-stage HIV infection.
Syphilis
Syphilis is a bacterial infection that starts as a painless sore, which typically starts in the rectum, mouth, or genitals. It spreads via skin or mucous membrane contact with the sores.
Chlamydia
Chlamydia is a bacterial infection. Women can get it in the cervix, rectum, or throat. Men can get it in the urethra, rectum, or throat. A woman can also pass chlamydia to her baby during childbirth.
Trichomoniasis
This is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by a parasite. Women who have trichomoniasis may experience pinful urination, genital itching, and found-smelling vaginal discharge. Men don’t often develop symptoms.
Genital Herpes and HSV
Herpes involves small blisters that are painful found in the genital area. These blisters pop and leave sores that bleed or ooze with pus. This is normally accompanied by fever or headache. This can be managed but it is not curable.
Herpes Simplex Virus is an infection that causes herpes and appears in various parts of the body, mostly the genitals or mouth. There are two types of this virus: HV-1, which can be transmitted in the genitals through oral sexand, and HSV-2 which causes genital herpes.
Genital Warts and HPV
These are the most uncomfortable of the STDs, but they are also the most harmless and treatable. They are normally found on the entrance of the anus and genitals.
Though usually harmless and goes away by itself, the human papillomavirus or HPV can cause genital warts or lead to cancer at times.
Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea is an infection that causes a burning sensation when urinating. This is accompanied by a white or yellow discharge from your genitals. This is a serious complication but it can be treated with the right medicine.
Hepatitis B
This is an infection of the liver that spreads when people come in contact with the blood, body fluids, or open sores of someone who has the hepatitis B virus. This is treatable and goes away if you get it as an adult.
Sexually transmitted diseases are some of the most contagious diseases. It is a serious illness that requires treatment though some of them, such as HIV, is not yet curable and can be deadly. Knowing more about the disease can help you learn how you can protect yourself better.
STDS can be transmitted through oral, vaginal, or anal sex. However, trichomoniasis may be spread through contact with damp or moist objects. Toilet seats, wet clothing, and towels are some of the most common possibilities, though sexual contact remains the most common reason.
Who is Most at Risk for STDs?
Those who are more prone to contracting sexually transmitted diseases are those who forego using a condom during oral, vaginal, or anal sex.
The risk of contracting STDs also increases when a person has more than one sexual partner or if their sexual partner is regularly intimate with other partners as well. Sex workers or if those who share needles when using recreational drugs intravenously are also considered at high risk of getting infected with sexually transmitted diseases.
In the Philippines, syphilis, human papillomavirus also known as HPV, herpes simplex virus, and HIV infections are some of the most commonly sexually transmitted diseases in the Philippines.
The State of Sexual Health in the Philippines
From 2011 to 2018, there have been a total of 665 syphilis patients, 2,053 HPV, and 977 herpes. For HIV, the number has already reached 58,181 from January 1984 to August 2018.
With the improvements being done about the state of sexual health in the Philippines, we should be able to address, monitor, and overcome step by step these diseases.
Though sexual health in the Philippines still has a long way to go, it is slowly becoming at par with the world standards. City health workers are educating the masses and informing women everywhere of their rights.
LGBTQ+ people are also no longer being discriminated against and have equal access to information and health care. Slowly but surely, we will be able to achieve the true definition of sexual health in the Philippines.
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