Human papillomavirus (HPV) is common, confusing, and surrounded by a lot of misinformation. To help you protect your health, here are some of the most common myths—and the facts you need to know.
Myth #1: “I Only Have One Partner, So I’m Safe from HPV.”
While being in a monogamous relationship may help lower your chances of HPV transmission from other parties, it does not necessarily guarantee absolute protection from HPV.
Even if you only have one partner, you can still get HPV if your partner already has the virus or if you were exposed through a previous partner. Many people with HPV never develop symptoms, so they may not know they’re infected. The only way to know for sure is to get screened at the recommended intervals.
Myth #2: “HPV Only Spreads Through Sex.”
It’s true that sex is a common way HPV spreads, but it’s not the only way.
HPV is passed through skin-to-skin contact, and most cases occur during close contact involved in vaginal, anal, or oral sex. However, you don’t need to have had penetrative sex to get HPV—any close skin contact to an infected region can lead to transmission.
Myth #3: “Only Adults Can Get the HPV Vaccine.”
Protection against HPV can start early. The HPV vaccine can be safely given starting at age 9. It provides the best protection when received before becoming sexually active.
The vaccine is recommended for people up to 45 years old, so many adults can still benefit from it. Even if you already have one or more strains of HPV, you can still get the vaccine because it can protect you against other strains you don’t yet have.
Myth #4: “Bad hygiene can cause HPV.”
Poor hygiene does not directly cause HPV. HPV can only be transmitted through skin-to-skin contact with someone who is infected.
However, poor hygiene may create a more favorable environment for infections in general, which can make it easier for HPV to take hold if exposure occurs.
Over time, persistent and untreated HPV infections can lead to cell changes that may develop into cancer. Practicing good hygiene is part of overall health, but it is not a direct cause of HPV—and it is not a substitute for vaccination, screening, or safe sexual practices.
Myth #5: “HPV Is Harmless—It Goes Away Anyway.”
Many HPV infections may clear on their own, but not all of them do. HPV is responsible for 95% of cervical cancer cases, and cervical cancer remains the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide.
HPV can also cause vulvar, vaginal, penile, anal, and mouth and throat cancers. Because of these risks, it’s important to take HPV prevention seriously by getting vaccinated, practicing safe sex, maintaining healthy habits, and seeing your doctor regularly for screening and medical guidance.
Key Takeaways
HPV is common, and many myths surrounding it are just as common. Staying informed, getting screened, and getting vaccinated are powerful steps you can take to protect your health.
Remember to consult your doctor for questions and concerns about HPV and HPV screening.
Learn more about HPV here.
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